Breast cancer is common but often treatable when found early. Watch for new lumps, skin changes, nipple changes, or persistent swelling. Screening recommendations vary; many organizations advise individualized decisions beginning in the 40s and routine screening by age 50 for average-risk people. Men can also develop breast cancer. Report any new breast changes to a clinician for timely evaluation.

Why early detection matters

Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in women worldwide. Detecting cancer early improves treatment options and outcomes. When breast cancer is found while still localized to the breast, five-year relative survival is very high - close to 99% - which is why noticing changes and getting appropriate tests matters.

Common signs and symptoms

Know what's normal for your breasts and report any new or persistent changes. Common warning signs include:

  • A new lump or thickened area in the breast or underarm. Lumps are often hard and may be painless, though they can also cause discomfort.
  • Changes to the skin of the breast, such as dimpling, puckering, redness, or unusual swelling.
  • Nipple changes like inversion (newly pulled-in nipple), crusting, rash, or unexplained nipple discharge (especially if bloody or occurring from one side).
  • New asymmetry or enlargement of one breast.
Not every lump is cancer - many breast changes are benign - but any persistent or worrying sign should be checked by a clinician.

Screening, exams, and breast awareness

Recommendations for formal screening mammography vary by organization and individual risk. Many groups support shared decision-making about starting screening in your 40s and regular screening by age 50 for average-risk people; intervals (annual vs. biennial) depend on age, risk, and the guideline used.

Monthly structured self-exams are no longer universally recommended as a screening method. Instead, clinicians encourage breast awareness: know how your breasts normally look and feel and report changes promptly. Clinical breast exams are offered variably depending on age and risk.

If you have higher risk (strong family history, known genetic mutations such as BRCA1/2, prior chest radiation), earlier and more intensive screening with MRI and mammography is often recommended - discuss personalized plans with your provider.

Men and breast cancer

Although uncommon, breast cancer can occur in men. About 1% of all breast cancers affect men. Men should report lumps, nipple changes, or persistent breast swelling to a clinician.

When to see a clinician

See a clinician promptly for any new lump, persistent skin or nipple changes, or unexplained discharge. Early evaluation may include a clinical exam, diagnostic mammogram, and/or ultrasound, followed by biopsy if needed.

Early action improves options and outcomes. If you're unsure about screening timing or your personal risk, make an appointment to discuss a screening plan tailored to you.

  1. Confirm current screening recommendations and age/interval specifics from the USPSTF and American Cancer Society (2024/2025 updates).
  2. Verify the statement that breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with the latest IARC/WHO data.

FAQs about Breast Cancer Symptoms

How often should I check my breasts at home?
Rather than a strict monthly self-exam, practice breast awareness: know how your breasts normally look and feel and report any new or persistent changes to your clinician right away.
At what age should I start mammograms?
Guidance varies. Many organizations support shared decision-making about beginning screening in your 40s and routine screening by age 50 for average-risk people; interval recommendations (annual vs. every two years) depend on age and risk. Discuss timing with your provider.
Are breast lumps usually cancer?
No. Most breast lumps are benign (noncancerous). Still, any new, persistent, or unusual lump should be evaluated with imaging and possibly a biopsy to be sure.
Can men get breast cancer?
Yes. About 1% of breast cancers occur in men. Men should see a clinician for lumps, nipple changes, or persistent swelling.