This updated guide explains how screen printing works today, lists essential supplies (polyester mesh screens, emulsion, exposure unit, inks, squeegees), and covers substrates, multi-color printing, sourcing supplies, safety, and small-business potential. It emphasizes reusable screens and options from hobby kits to commercial setups.

What screen printing is

Screen printing is essentially stencil printing using a fine mesh screen, a photosensitive emulsion, and ink. Modern screens are usually polyester mesh rather than natural silk, but the idea is the same: you block ink in areas you don't want printed and push ink through open mesh where you do.

Core supplies you need

  • Polyester mesh screens (various mesh counts) and frames
  • Photo-sensitive emulsion and sensitizer
  • Exposure unit (UV or LED) or a reliable sunlight method
  • Squeegees sized to your screens
  • Screen printing inks (plastisol and improved water-based options)
  • Reclaiming supplies: emulsion remover, degreaser, and a scrub brush
You'll also want basic tools: a registration system (for multi-color printing), a washout sink or pressure washer, and proper ventilation for inks and chemicals.

Common substrates

Screen printing works on many surfaces. The most common are: t-shirts and other apparel, signage, stickers and labels, wood, glass, and metal. Different inks and mesh counts suit different materials: higher mesh counts hold finer detail for paper or stickers; lower mesh counts deposit thicker ink for apparel.

Multi-color work and reusability

You don't need multiple copies of every supply to print in color. Each color requires its own screen and registration, but the same squeegee and press can be reused. Screens are reusable: after printing, reclaiming chemicals remove the emulsion so you can recoat and expose a new design.

Where to buy supplies

You can find supplies at local art stores, specialty screen-printing suppliers, and many online retailers. Local maker spaces and print shops sometimes sell surplus or offer access to equipment, which is a low-cost way to get started.

Design options and workflow

Designs range from freehand hand-cut stencils to complex digital art. Most small shops prepare artwork on a computer and produce a crisp film positive for exposure. Entry-level makers can start with simple designs and free or inexpensive software; as skills grow, so will the tools and files you use.

Safety, sustainability, and costs

Modern water-based inks reduce solvent exposure and clean up easier than older solvent-based inks, though plastisol remains popular for durability on apparel. Reclaiming chemicals and solvents require proper disposal and ventilation. Consider greener products where possible and follow local regulations for chemical waste.

Small-business potential

Screen printing scales well: hobbyists can make printed shirts, signs, and small-run products to sell locally or online. Initial costs vary depending on whether you buy entry-level kits or commercial equipment. With consistent quality and simple marketing, small, local or online printing can be a viable side business.

FAQs about Silk Screen Printing Supplies

Can I use sunlight instead of an exposure unit?
Yes - sunlight can expose emulsion, but it's less consistent. For predictable results and finer detail, a dedicated UV or LED exposure unit is recommended.
What’s the difference between plastisol and water-based inks?
Plastisol inks are durable and common for apparel; they sit on top of fabric. Water-based inks penetrate fibers and give a softer hand. Water-based options have improved and are preferred when softer feel and easier cleanup matter.
Do I need expensive equipment to start?
No. You can begin with a starter kit, single screen, squeegee, and basic exposure method. Upgrading to a press or exposure unit improves speed and consistency as you scale.
How do I print multiple colors?
Each color needs its own screen and accurate registration. You print one color at a time, allowing proper flash or cure between layers if needed.