Composite decking combines two or more materials - commonly wood fibers and plastics - to create durable, low-maintenance boards. Today's market includes wood-plastic composites, capped composites, PVC, and aluminum options. Composites resist rot and splintering and often incorporate recycled content, though recycling at end-of-life can be limited. Upfront costs are higher than pressure-treated wood, but lower maintenance can make lifecycle costs competitive. Choose products based on climate, aesthetic preference, and warranty/installation guidance.

What "composite" means for decking

Composite decking describes boards made from two or more materials combined to deliver properties that single materials lack. In decking, that usually means a mix of plastics and wood fibers (wood-plastic composites, or WPC), but composites also include capped polymer boards and entirely synthetic (PVC) boards. Aluminum decking is another long-lasting, low-maintenance alternative often grouped with composite options.

Common composite decking types

  • Wood-plastic composite (WPC): blends reclaimed wood fibers with recycled or virgin plastics. These boards offer a wood-like appearance and resist rot and splitting.
  • Capped composites: WPC cores with a polymer "cap" on the surface for improved fade and stain resistance.
  • PVC (cellular vinyl): 100% plastic boards that don't absorb moisture and resist rot.
  • Aluminum: lightweight, corrosion-resistant panels that stay structurally stable and are fire-resistant.
Manufacturers such as Trex, TimberTech, and Fiberon have popularized these formats, and most companies now offer multiple profiles and finishes ranging from woodgrain to contemporary looks.

Why choose composite decking?

Durability and low maintenance are the main reasons homeowners choose composite. Compared with untreated wood, composite boards are less likely to rot, crack, or splinter, and they don't require annual staining or sealing. Many products carry long manufacturer warranties and are designed to resist fading, staining, and mold growth.

Composite decking often uses recycled materials, which reduces demand for virgin lumber. At the same time, composites contain plastics that complicate end-of-life recycling, and local recycling options vary.1

Cost and lifecycle

Composite decking typically costs more up front than pressure-treated lumber but usually requires far less maintenance over time. That can make the total cost of ownership competitive with or lower than wood when factoring in the time and expense of staining, sealing, and board replacement.2

Installation and care

Most composites install with standard wood tools and use hidden fasteners or face screws. Manufacturers provide specific fastening and span charts - follow them to maintain your warranty. Routine care is simple: sweep regularly, rinse or wash with soapy water, and remove spills promptly. For tougher stains, follow the maker's cleaning instructions.

Picking the right product

Choose based on climate, budget, and aesthetics. Capped composites and PVC perform better in high-moisture or high-UV environments. Aluminum suits high-traffic or commercial applications and areas where fire resistance is important. Always compare warranties, maintenance guidance, and installation recommendations.

  1. Confirm typical warranty length ranges offered by major composite decking manufacturers (e.g., Trex, TimberTech, Fiberon).
  2. Verify common recycled-content percentages in contemporary composite decking products.
  3. Confirm typical lifespan estimates for different composite decking types under normal residential use.

FAQs about Composite Deck Material

How does composite decking differ from pressure-treated wood?
Composite decking blends materials (typically wood fibers and plastics) to resist rot, splintering, and insect damage. Pressure-treated wood is cheaper up front but usually requires regular staining/sealing and can warp or rot over time.
Which composite type is best for wet or sunny climates?
Capped composites or PVC boards generally perform best in high-moisture or high-UV areas because their surfaces are engineered to resist moisture absorption, staining, and fading. Aluminum is also a strong option where moisture and fire resistance matter.
Are composite decks hard to maintain?
No. Typical maintenance is sweeping and occasional washing with mild soap and water. Follow the manufacturer's cleaning recommendations for tougher stains to avoid damaging the surface or voiding warranties.
Do composite decks use recycled materials?
Many composite products include recycled wood fibers and plastics, reducing demand for new lumber. The exact recycled content varies by brand and product line.
Will composite decking last as long as wood?
Composite decking is designed to last decades with minimal upkeep, and many products come with multi-decade warranties. Actual lifespan depends on product quality, installation, and climate.