Start by checking your warranty and whether your floor is solid or engineered. For light scratches use touch-up markers, wax fillers, or a bit of finishing oil; raise dents with controlled steam; sand only very carefully with fine abrasives and avoid steel wool. Never wax polyurethane-coated floors. Call a professional for deep gouges, factory-cured finishes, or extensive damage. Pet owners should trim nails and use rugs to prevent new scratches.
Check the warranty and your floor type first
Before you try any repairs, contact your builder or the flooring manufacturer. Many prefinished floors have warranties and specific finish systems (aluminum-oxide, UV-cured, water- or oil-based polyurethane, or engineered veneers) that affect repair options. Also confirm whether your floor is solid or engineered - engineered planks often cannot be sanded deeply without exposing the core.Quick fixes for light scratches
For surface scratches, start with the simplest, least invasive options. Use a colored wood repair marker, blending pencil, or a wax/rub-in filler that matches your floor tone. Apply the product, wipe away the excess, and buff lightly with a soft cloth.You can also try a small amount of tung oil or a compatible finishing oil on fine scratches to reduce their visibility. Test any product in an inconspicuous spot first. Keep traffic off the treated area for 24-36 hours and ventilate the space when using solvent-containing products.
Small dents and raised fibers
Steam can help raise compressed wood fibers. Place a damp (not dripping) cloth over the dent and apply a warm iron briefly (no direct contact with the wood). Repeat cautiously until the wood swells back. This works best on solid hardwood; engineered boards with thin veneers may not respond and can delaminate, so check the manufacturer first.Sanding and buffing - limited and careful
For minor finish abrasion, use very fine abrasive (220-320 grit) or a nonwoven abrasive pad and sand only with the grain. Feather the edge into surrounding finish to avoid sharp transitions. Avoid coarse sanding on prefinished floors with thick factory wear layers (aluminum oxide finishes) - those are often difficult to sand and recoat at home.Avoid steel wool on finished hardwoods - it can leave embedded metal fibers and create rust spots later. If you use mineral spirits to clean the area before repair, do so sparingly and with good ventilation.
What not to do
Do not wax a polyurethane-coated floor. Wax can interfere with future re-coating and leave buildup that attracts dirt. Also avoid using overly aggressive solvents or high heat that can damage finish layers or veneers.When to call a pro
Deep gouges, widespread wear, or floors with factory-cured finishes usually need a professional. Pros can perform localized board replacement, screen-and-recoat operations, or full refinishing (for solid plank floors). For engineered floors, professional installers can advise about plank replacement or surface repair options.Preventive steps for pet owners
Keep pet nails trimmed, use runners in high-traffic paths, and add protective pads under furniture. Regularly clean grit and dirt that abrade finishes.Test any repair method first and keep manufacturer or installer guidance in mind. When in doubt, consult a flooring professional.