How to Choose and Use an Outdoor Fire Pit: Design, Fuel, and Safety

Outdoor fire pits range from small portable bowls to larger masonry installations. Choose materials and size to match your patio, select a fuel type (wood, manufactured logs, or gas), and add accessories like screens or grills as needed. Prioritize placement, local rules, and basic safety - never leave a fire unattended and keep extinguishing tools handy.

What is an outdoor fire pit?

An outdoor fire pit is a shallow, bowl-like fireplace that sits on short legs or a stand and creates a contained fire for warmth, ambiance, and casual cooking. Designs range from simple wok-shaped bowls to ornate or built-in stone and metal models.

Common shapes, materials and sizes

Fire pits come round, square, or rectangular. Materials include steel (often powder-coated or Corten), cast iron, copper, and masonry (stone or concrete). Metal bowls heat quickly and conduct heat; masonry retains heat longer.

Sizes vary with your space. Small portable bowls often measure about 18-24 inches (45-60 cm) across; larger backyard models go up to 36 inches (90 cm) or more. Choose a size that provides enough radiant heat without overwhelming a small patio.

Fuel options and cooking

Wood is the traditional fuel and gives the classic crackle and aroma. Manufactured firelogs - typically compressed recycled sawdust bound with wax - burn consistently and are easy to light. Gas fire pits (propane or natural gas) are increasingly popular for instant flames, lower smoke, and simpler cleanup.

Many fire bowls accept a cooking grate, turning the pit into a basic barbecue. If you plan to grill, check the manufacturer's guidance on fuel types and maximum temperatures.

Mobility and accessories

Portable models sometimes include wheels or casters for easy storage. Common accessories include spark screens, cooking grates, ash pans, and fitted covers. Choose a screen or spark guard if your pit produces flying embers.

Safety basics

Place your pit on a stable, noncombustible surface and keep it at least several feet from structures, overhangs, and combustible materials. Follow local regulations and any fire-safety advisories from your municipal fire department, especially during dry seasons.

Never leave a fire unattended. Keep a garden hose, bucket of water, or an appropriate fire extinguisher nearby. Use long-handled tools and heat-resistant gloves for tending the fire. Supervise children and pets around low-profile pits.

Maintenance and longevity

Empty ash regularly (when fully cooled) to maintain airflow. Metal bowls will eventually show heat-related patinas or surface rust; keep welded joints and legs inspected and replace parts if they weaken. Store portable pits under a cover or indoors during long periods of disuse.

Why people buy them

A portable fire pit adds warmth and atmosphere to an outdoor room. Many owners use them year-round for evening gatherings or occasional backyard cooking. A well-chosen pit suits your space, fuel preference, and safety needs.

Personal note

I first saw fire bowls on a safari and later brought the idea home. A 36-inch pit now anchors our large patio; it delivers heat on cool nights and gives us a focal point for gatherings.