Cat allergy causes airborne reactions to proteins shed in saliva and skin oils. Symptoms mimic colds and include nasal congestion, sneezing, itchy eyes, cough and skin reactions. The best prevention is avoidance, but many people manage symptoms using bedroom exclusion, allergen-proof covers, HEPA filtration, careful cleaning, and medical treatments such as antihistamines or immunotherapy. Some details - prevalence, recommended laundry temperature, and optimal bathing frequency - may require updated verification.

Why cat allergies are often missed

Cat allergies commonly cause symptoms that mimic colds: runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, itchy or watery eyes, throat irritation, cough and wheeze. Because those signs overlap with viral infections, doctors and patients sometimes miss the underlying allergy.

Cat allergy is an airborne condition. The main allergen (Fel d 1) comes from a cat's saliva and skin oils, and it becomes airborne as tiny particles that stick to clothing, furniture and carpets.

How common are cat allergies

Estimates of how many people are allergic to cats vary. Older sources suggested a small percentage of the population, but more recent surveys report millions of people with pet-allergy symptoms in the U.S.

Typical symptoms

  • Runny or congested nose
  • Sneezing
  • Itchy, red or watery eyes
  • Itchy or sore throat; post-nasal drip
  • Coughing, wheeze or frequent bronchitis-like flares
  • Skin redness or hives on contact
Symptoms can be seasonal or year-round depending on exposure.

Practical steps to reduce exposure at home

Avoidance is the most reliable way to prevent symptoms, but many people choose mitigation instead of removal. Effective, practical measures include:
  • Keep cats out of the bedroom and off beds. Bedrooms are high-priority allergen-free zones.
  • Use allergen-proof mattress and pillow covers and wash bedding regularly. Wash in hot water to remove allergens - recommended temperature varies by source 1.
  • Use a HEPA air purifier in the bedroom and main living areas to reduce airborne dander.
  • Vacuum carpets and upholstery with a vacuum that has a HEPA filter and a sealed system; this reduces re-aerosolization compared with older vacuums.
  • Consider steam cleaning soft surfaces periodically.
  • Avoid direct contact with the cat if you are highly sensitive, and wash hands after petting.
  • Limit the cat to one area of the home if full removal isn't an option.

Do baths or grooming help?

Regular bathing and brushing can reduce the amount of allergen on a cat's fur for a short time. Weekly bathing has shown benefit in some studies but results vary and not all cats tolerate frequent bathing 2.

Medical options

Over-the-counter and prescription antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids and inhalers can control symptoms. For long-term benefit, allergists may offer allergy immunotherapy (shots) that can reduce sensitivity to cat allergens for some people.

Bottom line

Cat allergies often go unrecognized because their signs resemble common colds. Reducing exposure through bedroom protection, HEPA filtration, careful cleaning and medical therapy can allow many people to live with cats more comfortably. If symptoms are significant, an allergist can offer testing and tailored treatment.
  1. Confirm current prevalence estimates of cat allergy in the U.S. (percentage and approximate number of people).
  2. Verify recommended laundry temperature to reliably remove cat allergens from bedding.
  3. Verify evidence and recommended frequency for bathing cats to reduce Fel d 1 and practical guidance on tolerability.

FAQs about Cat Allergy

How do I know if my symptoms are from cat allergy or a cold?
Cat-allergy symptoms often recur with exposure and include itchy eyes and sneezing alongside nasal congestion. If symptoms worsen when you're around cats and improve when you're away, allergy testing by an allergist can confirm the cause.
Can I keep my cat if I'm allergic?
Yes - many people reduce symptoms without giving up their cat by keeping pets out of the bedroom, using HEPA air purifiers, washing bedding, and following cleaning steps. Severe cases may still require pet removal.
Does bathing my cat reduce allergens?
Bathing and grooming can lower allergen levels on fur temporarily; some studies show weekly baths help, but not all cats tolerate frequent bathing and the benefit may be short-lived .
Do air purifiers and vacuums help?
HEPA air purifiers reduce airborne dander. Vacuuming with a sealed HEPA vacuum and periodic steam cleaning of fabrics can also lower allergen load and limit re-aerosolization.
Are there medical treatments for cat allergy?
Yes. Antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids and inhalers control symptoms. Allergy immunotherapy (shots) can reduce sensitivity over time for some patients; discuss options with an allergist.