Acne arises from overactive oil glands, clogged follicles, bacteria and inflammation. Start with consistent topical treatments (benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, salicylic or azelaic acid), gentle cleansing, and avoid picking or harsh products. See a clinician if acne is severe, scarring, or unresponsive after 6-12 weeks.

What acne is and why it happens

Acne results when sebaceous (oil) glands, hair follicles and skin bacteria interact to cause inflammation. Hormones - especially androgens - increase sebum production, which is why acne is common in puberty and can persist into adulthood. Up to about 85% of people develop acne at some point in life .

Acne shows as blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, and in more severe cases, nodules or cysts. Picking or squeezing lesions, stress, and certain hair or skin products can make acne worse.

Basic, evidence-based treatments

Topical treatments are first-line for most mild-to-moderate acne. Try one of these active ingredients, used consistently on affected areas:

  • Benzoyl peroxide - antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. Use in washes, gels, or creams.
  • Topical retinoids (adapalene is available over the counter in many places) - normalize follicle cell turnover and improve comedones.
  • Salicylic acid - helps unclog pores and reduce blackheads.
  • Azelaic acid - reduces inflammation and bacteria and can help with post-inflammatory discoloration.
Apply products as directed and expect to wait 6-12 weeks to judge effectiveness. If a product irritates your skin, reduce frequency or switch formulations.

Tea tree oil has modest evidence for mild acne for some people, but it can irritate sensitive skin and should be used cautiously.

When to see a clinician

See your primary care doctor or a dermatologist if acne is moderate-to-severe, painful, leaving scars, or not improving after 6-12 weeks of consistent topical use. Clinicians may prescribe oral options (antibiotics, combined oral contraceptives for women, spironolactone) or isotretinoin for severe cystic acne.

Daily care and things to avoid

  • Cleanse gently once or twice daily with a mild, non-comedogenic cleanser (for example, fragrance-free formulas such as Cetaphil-style cleansers).
  • Avoid scrubbing, abrasive exfoliants, and alcohol-based toners - they increase irritation.
  • Remove makeup before bed and use non-comedogenic cosmetics.
  • Avoid leaving sweaty clothes on and clean reusable makeup tools regularly.
  • Minimize oily hair products near the forehead and hairline.
Drinking water and healthy habits support overall skin health but are not a cure for acne.

Managing expectations

Acne treatments often take weeks to show results. Mild cases often respond to OTC regimens; persistent or severe acne benefits from medical assessment to reduce scarring and accelerate improvement.

  1. Verify the cited prevalence figure ("Up to about 85% of people develop acne at some point") against current epidemiological sources.

FAQs about How To Get Rid Of Acne

How long before I see improvement with acne products?
Most topical acne treatments need 6-12 weeks of consistent use to show meaningful improvement.
Does diet cause acne?
Diet is not the sole cause. Some evidence links high-glycemic foods and dairy to worsening acne for some people, but hormones and skin factors play a larger role.
Can I use benzoyl peroxide and a retinoid together?
Yes - they work differently and are often combined. Use as directed and reduce frequency if irritation occurs.
Is tea tree oil a good treatment?
Tea tree oil has modest evidence for mild acne but can irritate skin. Patch-test and use diluted formulations if you try it.
When should I see a dermatologist?
See a dermatologist if acne is severe, painful, causing scarring, or not improving after 6-12 weeks of consistent treatment.