An updated primer on how breast lumps are evaluated, modern surgical options (from lumpectomy to mastectomy), and how adjuvant endocrine, chemotherapy and targeted therapies are integrated with surgery.
Breast cancer can recur locally, regionally, or at distant sites. Evaluation starts with exam and biopsy; imaging is guided by symptoms. Receptor retesting guides subsequent treatment.
Breast cancer can return locally, regionally, or at distant sites. Modern follow-up focuses on symptom awareness, scheduled clinical exams and targeted imaging; treatments now include endocrine therapy, HER2-targeted agents, CDK4/6 inhibitors and, for some, immunotherapy.
Updated overview of breast cancer: what it is, how screening and prevention help, and current surgical and systemic treatment options including breast-conserving surgery, mastectomy, sentinel node biopsy, hormone and targeted therapies.
Mastectomy remains a key option for treating and reducing risk of breast cancer. Modern approaches - skin- and nipple-sparing techniques, sentinel node biopsy, and immediate reconstruction - improve cosmetic and functional outcomes. Choice depends on stage, genetics, and the need for additional therapies.