A concise, modern overview of esophageal cancer: types, staging tests, curative and palliative treatments, the role of endoscopic and systemic therapies, and the importance of molecular testing and clinical trials.
Persistent cough, breathlessness, blood in sputum, chest pain, weight loss, and fatigue are common signs of lung cancer. Early evaluation, low-dose CT screening for high-risk people, accurate diagnosis with biopsy, and molecular testing guide modern treatment options including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted drugs, and immunotherapy.