Alcohol use disorder (AUD) responds best to a combined approach: FDA-approved medications (disulfiram, naltrexone, acamprosate) alongside behavioral therapies such as CBT and motivational interviewing. Medical detox is important for safety in heavy withdrawal. Mutual-help groups and ongoing support improve outcomes. A clinician can tailor treatment to your needs; immediate medical care is required for severe withdrawal or safety concerns.
Understanding alcohol use disorder and treatment goals
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a common, treatable medical condition. Many people who struggle with drinking can reduce harm, regain control, and build long-term recovery with a combination of medical care, counseling, and social support. Treatment aims to manage withdrawal safely, reduce cravings and heavy drinking, treat co-occurring mental health issues, and support lasting behavior change.
Medication options that can help
Three medications are approved in the United States to treat AUD: disulfiram, naltrexone (oral and extended-release injectable), and acamprosate. They work in different ways. Disulfiram produces unpleasant physical effects if you drink while taking it. Naltrexone can blunt alcohol's rewarding effects and reduce heavy drinking. Acamprosate helps restore brain balance after prolonged alcohol use and may reduce cravings.
Medications are not a standalone cure but often improve outcomes when combined with behavioral treatments. Clinicians may also consider off-label medications in selected cases. A medical assessment will guide which option, if any, fits your health profile and treatment goals.
Psychosocial treatments and mutual-help groups
Behavioral therapies form the core of most AUD treatment plans. Evidence-based approaches include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing, and contingency management. These therapies teach coping skills, relapse prevention strategies, and ways to change thinking and behavior around alcohol.
Mutual-help and peer groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and SMART Recovery provide ongoing social support for many people. Clinical programs often combine formal therapy with referrals to local support groups.
Detox, safety, and co-occurring issues
Stopping heavy drinking abruptly can cause dangerous withdrawal symptoms. Medical detox in an outpatient or inpatient setting protects safety and comfort; medications such as benzodiazepines are commonly used short term to manage withdrawal under supervision. If you have depression, anxiety, PTSD, or other health conditions, treating those concurrently improves chances of success.
Choosing a treatment path
Care plans should match the severity of AUD, your medical history, and personal preferences. Options range from brief outpatient counseling to intensive outpatient programs and residential treatment. Combining medication, psychotherapy, and peer support gives the best chance for lasting change.
If you or someone you care about is struggling, reach out to a primary care provider, an addiction specialist, or local treatment services. National and local helplines and treatment locators can connect you to resources in your area. Immediate medical attention is necessary for severe withdrawal or thoughts of self-harm.
Treatment does not promise an instant or permanent "cure," but many people recover and rebuild healthy lives with the right mix of medical care, therapy, and support.