Chronic bronchitis is long-term inflammation of the bronchi that causes a persistent productive cough and airflow limitation. Smoking is the chief risk. Diagnosis relies on clinical history and spirometry. Management centers on smoking cessation, inhaled bronchodilators, pulmonary rehabilitation, vaccinations, and oxygen when needed.
Childhood asthma is a chronic airway condition caused by genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms include wheeze, cough, and shortness of breath. While there is no cure, individualized treatment, an asthma action plan, and trigger control let most children lead active lives.
Updated overview of asthma medications: controllers (inhaled corticosteroids), bronchodilators, modern guideline shifts away from SABA-only strategies, role of biologics, device options, and safety cautions about herbal remedies.