An updated overview of bone cancer: the difference between primary and metastatic disease, how tumors affect bones and marrow, current treatments including surgery, systemic and bone-targeted therapies, and strategies to preserve function and quality of life.
Updated overview of breast cancer: what it is, how screening and prevention help, and current surgical and systemic treatment options including breast-conserving surgery, mastectomy, sentinel node biopsy, hormone and targeted therapies.
An updated, practical guide to stage III breast cancer: what it means, how modern staging and biology affect treatment, and current options including neoadjuvant therapy, surgery, radiation, targeted agents, reconstruction, and supportive care.
Practical, evidence-based ways to manage prostate cancer: how surveillance, surgery, radiation, systemic drugs, lifestyle, and mental-health support fit together.
A concise, updated overview of prostate anatomy, detection (PSA and DRE), treatment options from active surveillance to surgery, radiation, hormone therapies, and newer targeted options for advanced disease.
Modern ovarian cancer treatment combines surgery, platinum-based chemotherapy, and targeted maintenance therapies guided by tumor genetics and patient priorities. Multidisciplinary care, genetic testing, and clinical trials shape individualized plans.
Hypothyroidism often raises LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular risk. Causes include autoimmune disease and some cancer therapies. Treatment with levothyroxine usually lowers cholesterol, but persistent dyslipidemia may require statins and lifestyle changes.
Persistent cough, breathlessness, blood in sputum, chest pain, weight loss, and fatigue are common signs of lung cancer. Early evaluation, low-dose CT screening for high-risk people, accurate diagnosis with biopsy, and molecular testing guide modern treatment options including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted drugs, and immunotherapy.
Mastectomy remains a key option for treating and reducing risk of breast cancer. Modern approaches - skin- and nipple-sparing techniques, sentinel node biopsy, and immediate reconstruction - improve cosmetic and functional outcomes. Choice depends on stage, genetics, and the need for additional therapies.
The PSA blood test detects prostate-specific antigen, which can be elevated for reasons besides cancer. Use PSA results with exam findings, risk factors, and additional tests. Screening involves trade-offs - benefits of early detection versus risks of overdiagnosis and biopsy complications - so discuss options with your clinician.