Sunburn prevention depends on understanding when UV is strongest and using layered protection: shade, UPF clothing and hats, sunglasses, and broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+). Apply sunscreen 15 minutes before exposure, use about one ounce for the body, and reapply every two hours and after swimming or heavy sweating. Check the UV Index to plan outdoor time and avoid tanning beds.

Why sun protection matters

Sunburn is painful and increases your long-term risk of skin damage and skin cancer. Protecting your skin is simple when you know the key risks and the most effective tools.

When and where UV is strongest

UV intensity varies by latitude, season, time of day and altitude. UV tends to be stronger near the equator and during summer months. The highest daily UV levels usually occur between about 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Check the local UV Index (via weather apps or government sources) to plan outdoor time.

Altitude also increases UV exposure, so mountain locations raise your risk.

Basic sun-protection steps

  • Seek shade during peak UV hours.
  • Wear sun-protective clothing: long sleeves, long pants, and a wide-brimmed hat. Look for clothing with a UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) label.
  • Wear sunglasses that block 100% of UVA and UVB.
  • Avoid tanning beds; they emit UV and increase skin cancer risk.

Sunscreen: what to choose and how to use it

Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen (protects against UVA and UVB), SPF 30 or higher, and one labeled water-resistant if you'll swim or sweat. Mineral (physical) sunscreens use zinc oxide or titanium dioxide; chemical sunscreens contain different active filters.

SPF indicates how much longer a sunscreen can delay sunburn compared with no protection. For example, SPF 15 blocks about 93% of UVB, SPF 30 about 97%, and SPF 50 about 98% of UVB. These figures reflect UVB reduction, not total sun-safety time.

Apply sunscreen generously to all exposed skin at least 15 minutes before sun exposure. For a full adult body application, use about one ounce (a shot-glass amount). Reapply every two hours, and immediately after swimming or heavy sweating. Note: manufacturers may label products as "water-resistant" (40 or 80 minutes of activity) but not as "waterproof."

Special situations

  • Children and infants: Keep babies under 6 months out of direct sun when possible and consult a pediatrician about sunscreen use.
  • High-reflectance environments: Snow, sand and water reflect UV and increase exposure - use extra protection.

A final word

Combine strategies: shade, clothing, hats, sunglasses, and properly applied broad-spectrum sunscreen. Use the UV Index to time outdoor activities and reapply sunscreen as directed.
  1. Verify the approximate percentage increase in UV radiation per unit of altitude (e.g., per 1000 meters or per 1000 feet) and update the altitude sentence with a specific, sourced figure if needed.

FAQs about Sunburn Protection

What does "broad-spectrum" mean on a sunscreen label?
Broad-spectrum means the sunscreen protects against both UVA and UVB rays. Choose a broad-spectrum product to reduce both immediate sunburn risk and longer-term skin damage.
How often should I reapply sunscreen?
Reapply at least every two hours, and immediately after swimming, toweling off, or heavy sweating. Follow any additional instructions on the product label.
Is higher SPF much better?
Higher SPF offers increasing UVB protection: SPF 15 blocks roughly 93% of UVB, SPF 30 about 97%, and SPF 50 about 98%. No sunscreen blocks 100%, so combine sunscreen with clothing and shade.
Are "waterproof" sunscreens safe to rely on?
Products cannot be labeled "waterproof." Look for "water-resistant" and follow the specified reapplication time (commonly 40 or 80 minutes) after swimming or sweating.
Do I need sunscreen on cloudy days?
Yes. Clouds do not block all UV - overcast days can still deliver significant UV exposure, so use sunscreen or other protections when the UV Index is moderate or higher.

News about Sunburn Protection

This is how much sunscreen you should be using to avoid sunburn - Stuff [Visit Site | Read More]

How does sunscreen work, and what do SPF and star ratings mean? - BBC [Visit Site | Read More]

What you need to know about UV (ultraviolet) radiation - GOV.UK blogs [Visit Site | Read More]

Boost your sun protection with these tips - The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [Visit Site | Read More]

Sun-Protective Clothing Is a Reliable UV-Blocker. Here Are Some Options We Love. - The New York Times [Visit Site | Read More]