Dietary patterns - especially Mediterranean-style eating, more soluble fiber and plant sterols, and replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats - can lower LDL cholesterol, but average reductions are modest and individual responses vary.
Policosanol is a sugar-cane-derived supplement marketed for cholesterol support. Early Cuban trials were promising, but later independent studies showed inconsistent results. It may be well tolerated short-term, but it is not a proven substitute for prescription lipid-lowering therapy.
Beta-sitosterol is a common plant sterol that can reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption and has modest supporting evidence for improving BPH symptoms. It is generally safe but should be discussed with a clinician before use.